Saturday, 20 June 2015

Fifty Shades of Grey and Still Counting…….. (Part 2)



My first novel, The Cinderella Jones Affair, finally got published in USA and UK, at a listing price of $17 and £12 pounds respectively. The book is now available at www.amazon.com as an e-book as well as paperback edition. The initial sales have been quite low, but it was heartening to know that a few people in those foreign destinations were actually reading my book. While I am eagerly waiting to get their reaction and feedback, the next challenge before me is how to market my book in my home country, India. And therein, I started looking at the strategies employed by the best-selling authors in India --- Chetan Bhagat, Amish Tripathi and Ashwin Sanghi.  Of course, Durjoy Dutta, Ravinder Singh, Bhaavna Arora, Preeti Shenoy and Sudeep Nagarkar are also making waves in the Indian literary field, but I would like to confine my discussion to the first three amazing authors, just to keep the article brief.

Chetan Bhagat is perhaps a phenomenon who has equal number of admirers and criticizers. On one hand, his die-hard fans swear by his easy-to-understand language, the very lovable characters with their queer vulnerabilities, the hush-hush titillating sexual innuendos, and of course, the unexpected twists and turns that makes the heart beat faster. These mostly young readers, who come from small towns as well as the big cities, might have heard about the award winning authors like Salman Rushdie, Amitav Ghosh and Vikram Seth, but never dared to pick up those voluminous tomes written in a high-end English dialect. In comparison, Chetan Bhagat was the crisp fast food that you could gulp down without bothering much about understanding the meanings of the words. It was food served on a platter that was easily digestible. Most of the books are between 200-300 pages with price tag between Rs 100 to  Rs 200 that is within the reach of the masses. The critics like to lambast him for the lack of literary depth but it is actually Mr Bhagat who is laughing all the way to the bank, with a 5,00,000 average print run of each of his books.  

But Chetan Bhagat also had to go through a struggling period. As many as nine publishers turned down his manuscript before it was accepted by Rupa. But the best part was that he was also ready with a marketing plan that would compel the masses to go for his book. Being an IIT-IIM grad, Bhagat understands quite well how to leverage social media to reach out to the masses. His Facebook page gets around 2.5 million likes while his Twitter account has 1.2 million followers. He has also launched T-shirts that incorporates famous quips from his books. He writes columns in English and Hindi dailies, hosts TV shows and delivers motivating talks across the country. All these activities have culminated in making him a cult figure and ensuring that he remains the best-selling author.
          
The second high profile author whom I was studying closely was Amish Tripathi. Amish became famous with the Shiva Trilogy --- The Immortals of Meluha, The Secret of the Nagas and The Oath of the Vayuputras. Collectively, the three books sold 2.2 million in print and grossed over Rs 60 Crore in sales. His next trilogy --- The Ramachandra Series --- is slated to hit the stands on June 22 with the release of The Scion of Ishvaku. A common thread between Chetan Bhagat and Amish Tripathy is that both are IIM Alumnus and both worked in the financial services industry for a considerable period before venturing into fiction writing.   

The Shiva Trilogy, which tells the tales of Gods in an interesting and riveting style, captured the imagination of the readers who were always fascinated with the stories of gods and goddesses and supernatural beings that they had been hearing since childhood. The conflict between Suryavanshis (The Meluhans) and Chandravanshis (The Nagas) and the good overpowering the evil with the help of larger than life Lord Shiva did create the ambience for a fascinating story.

The other common factor between Chetan Bhagat and Amish Tripathi, being IIM Alumnus, both are terrific marketers. Before the release of his first book, Amish Tripathi approached bookshops and asked them to give a free sample copy of the first chapter of his book to anyone who approached the cash counter. This was a form of buzz marketing to create brand awareness. He also used social media effectively by making a trailer film with a background score by Taufiq Qureshi and released the same on YouTube. The interest in the book increased manifold and the book became a bestseller. For his second book, he created a video trailer that was shown at all major multiplexes. For the third book, he created a music album with soundtracks by well-known singers like Sonu Nigam, Palash Sen and Vickram Ghosh. These were very innovative strategies to market a book which ensured a sure shot success for all three of his novels.   

The third author who has made a significant impact in pulp fiction has been Ashwin Sanghi. He has made a significant impact in the literary circle with books like The Rozabal Line, The Krishna Key, Chanakya’s Chant and Private India. He is called the Indian version of Dan Brown for creating suspense by espousing conspiracy theories built around ancient legends. He does extensive research before writing a book. For writing The Krishna Key, he read more than 50 books, hundreds of research articles and traveled extensively to gather the facts. He also has the rare distinction of co-authoring with James Patterson, to write a book called Private India. For the uninitiated, James Patterson is the author of the world famous Alex Cross suspense novels, and holds the Guinness World Record for selling 1 million e-books. 

But even Ashwin had his share of struggles before he stablished himself as an author. He self-published his first book , “The Rozabal Line”, and wrote to 40 bookstores to stock his book. Only one bookstore replied positively. One day, on a visit to the store, he found his book gathering dust in a corner of the store. He dusted the book and put it back on the best-seller rack. Such persistent efforts finally paid off. The book was subsequently published by Westland in 2008 and went on to become a national bestseller.  His second book “The Chanakya’s Chant” won him the Crossword-Vodafone Popular Choice Award and the third book “The Krishna Key” became the AC Nielsen No 1 bestseller within a week of release. 

The mantra he gives to the young aspiring writers is “Write when you are drunk and market when you are sober.” The writing has to come from a passion for the plot and the marketing has to be done in a systematic and methodical way to achieve success.   

The six authors that I have profiled in the two-part blog emphatically show that with an interesting content and innovative marketing styles, it is not that difficult to establish oneself as a writer. But how effectively I can implement these learnings for a successful Indian launch of my book The Cinderella Jones Affair is the biggest challenge that is going to unfold in the days to come.                                                                                               (Concluded)

Saturday, 9 May 2015

Fifty Shades of Grey and Still Counting…….(Part 1)




Finally, after twenty five years of intense struggle, I managed to make my debut as a novelist. My first book “The Cinderella Jones Affair” has got listed at Amazon.  The next challenge, for me, was how to market my book and create awareness around it. Being a new author, it is a real daunting task for me. But, then the best-selling authors of today --- EL James, JK Rowling, Stephenie Meyer, Chetan Bhagat, Amish Tripathi and Ashwin Sanghi --- also started as newbies and made their name as prolific writers. How did they do it? I started doing a research to know the secret of their success.

A very interesting case study is that of “Fifty Shades of Grey Trilogy” written by EL James. The genesis of the book started as a story posted by EL James in Internet under Twilight Fan Fiction. She gained good response from there and put up the book on her website. The trilogy was then picked up by an Australian publisher, The Writer’s Coffee Shop, who released them as e-books and print-on-demand paperbacks. The book started gaining in popularity when, in January 2012, Vintage Books, a division of Random House, formally published the trilogy.   

Why was Fifty Shades of Grey so successful? Well, the Twilight series had already prepared the fertile ground for popularity of books on romance with a dash of erotica. While, most of erotic novels published till now, were more or less targeted to fulfill the male fantasies, this series of books  talked about BDSM and kinky sex from the women’s perspective.  Very soon, it became a topic of discussion among women readers and the sales sky-rocketed accordingly. Another master-stroke of EL James was to publish the book first as an e-book. Readers might feel embarrassed to be seen around with an erotic novel, but they were more or less comfortable to buy an electronic version online and read it in privacy. The biggest lesson that the case study of EL James teaches us --- if you want to make your first book popular, offer it for free, get a fan following and then get it published under a reputed publishing house.

The next well known author that I want to talk about now is JK Rowling. She is already a household name for her Harry Potter series. The first Harry Potter book, “Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone”, got started when she wrote her Harry Potter ideas on a napkin, while traveling in a train from Manchester to London. The book was subsequently typed on a typewriter, mostly in Edinburgh cafés, where she used to go with her baby daughter, Jessica. She was a single mother suffering from clinical depression and insomnia. Twelve publishing houses rejected her initial manuscript of Harry Potter, before Bloomsbury agreed to publish it. She was given a small advance and a condition that book would mention the author name as “JK”, because a book written on wizards by a woman might not be accepted widely. This book went on to become the best-selling book of all times.  JK Rowling went on to become a billionaire and was honored with the OBE(Order of the British Empire).

How did JK Rowling and the Harry Potter series achieve such skyrocketing fame? First of all, it had innovative ingredients like Hogwarts and Quidditch.  The central character, Harry Potter, is an orphan and vulnerable to the evil designs of Lord Voldemort, which makes the reader develop an immediate fascination and liking for the child protagonist. The concept of wizard classes and magic spells became a rage among young kids.  And then, there were the brilliant marketing efforts.  The personal life of JK Rowling, who was single mother struggling to survive with government support, drew many readers towards the book. There were rumors that the book was promoting witchcraft among children. The rumors only succeeded in increasing the sales of the book.  Bloomsbury did two different covers for the same book, one for children and the other for adults, thus creating curiosity among both segments. There was a frenzy created around Harry Potter through midnight releases and pre-order bookings. Fan blogs were created to make the readers discuss the books and create viral interest among others who had not read them.   The result of such innovative and diligent marketing efforts was that more than 400 million books of the Harry Potter series has been sold till now making JK Rowling a billionaire and the Harry Potter brand reach the $15 billion valuation.

The third author who has created stratospheric waves with her “Twilight” series is Stephenie Meyer. She got the idea of Twilight in a dream in 2003, when she dreamed of a vampire who was in love with a human girl but also thirsted for her blood. Subsequently, she converted the dream sequence into a novel. She was writing for her own enjoyment and never intended to publish the book. It was her sister who finally persuaded her to seek a publisher. She wrote fifteen letters to different publishers and literary agents. Five of them were unanswered and nine people rejected her manuscript. Only one person, Jodi Reamer of Writer’s House, gave a positive response. The manuscript was put up for auction in 2003, and she got a three book deal from Little, Brown & Company for $7,50,000. Twilight was later expanded into a series with three books named New Moon, Eclipse and Breaking Dawn.  The series has sold 100 million copies worldwide with Stephenie Meyer breaking JK Rowling’s record by remaining the bestseller for 143 weeks on the New York Times Best Seller List. She has an estimated net worth of $125 million.

How did the Twilight series create the rage among the readers and fans? First of all, it created a frenzy among the teenagers as the main characters in the book are themselves teenagers. Also, it created a nostalgic feel among the adults who pined for their teenage days. The experimentation with the girlfriend-boyfriend issues and the insecurities attached with it in the teenage years are beautifully portrayed in the book. The characters — Bella, Edward and Jacob – look much more lively with their vulnerabilities. It appealed very much to the teenage girls who fantasized adventure and thrill in a love affair. And it was backed up by very strong and innovative marketing.  Stephenie Meyer connected directly with the Twilight fans through the social media platform MySpace. She also communicated with the readers through her own website, social networking sites and fan created sites. Her marketing team worked hard to connect the fans to share Twilight related news. And finally, the movie starring Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson made the books a household name all over the world. The lessons from her book --- create a plot that can be identified easily by a particular section of populace and build excitement around it.

In the second part of the blog, I shall be exploring how Chetan Bhagat, Amish Tripathi and Ashwin Sanghi are using innovative strategies to make their books the best-sellers in Indian market.  
                                                                                                           (To be Continued……)

Tuesday, 30 September 2014

Gone in Seconds --- The Amazing Story of Xiaomi’s Market Strategy in India




I will start this article by sharing a personal anecdote. Some years back, I was actually forced into buying Blackberry handset by my boss who wanted to connect all the employees with himself through the BBM (Blackberry Messenger) instant messaging tool. The trigger was that TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority in India) had capped the number of SMS that you could send in a particular day. As we were a large organization with more than a thousand employees, he needed to send and receive information from a huge number of people. The BBM option actually helped him to get over the constraint caused due to TRAI notification.  

But after buying Blackberry, I actually thanked him. This was my first smart-phone experience, and I was amazed that you could actually do so much with your handset --- send and receive e-mails, browse the net, listen to songs, watch movies, share pictures and videos, connect with a huge number of people on social media like Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter and even use Word, Excel and PowerPoint files. And of course, the BBM was the icing on the cake.     

But due to a series of unfortunate events, Blackberry started losing the sheen and their popularity took a nosedive. I could actually sense a lot of my connections moving out of BBM and opting for WhatsApp (Even my boss wrote, “Hey there, I’m using WhatsApp” and disconnected me from the BBM contact list).   To make things worse, my Blackberry handset was getting heated up, the software started hanging frequently, and the rubber paddings started coming out from all sides, giving it an ugly look. I started looking for a new handset that would be sleek, good looking, technologically superior and of course, affordable.

That’s when I read the about the Xiaomi’s launch of Mi3 mobile phones in India. There were no Print Ads, there were no television commercials, no hoardings, no promotions at dealer outlets --- just a plain and simple press release in all major newspapers and internet news sites on July 8th which said that that Xiaomi, who was also known as the “Apple of China” was launching the much popular Mi3 phone in India. The specifications were awesome --- it was offering a 5.00-inch 1080x1920 display powered by 2.3GHz processor with 2GB RAM and 13-megapixel rear camera. But the breath-taking feature of Xiaomi Mi3 was the price --- it was offering all these at a mere Rs 13,999/-.

But the buying process was difficult. Xiaomi had an exclusive channel partnership with Flipkart and you could only buy it over Internet. Before buying, one had to pre-register with Flipkart and Xiaomi. The sales window was supposed to open on 15th July at 12 o’clock afternoon. I waited with bated breath. I was desperate to buy the Mi3. But at the designated moment, a series of mishaps happened. Firstly, I could not enter the site. By the time I managed to enter, the site had crashed. By the time the Flipkart site recovered, there was a message saying “The product is out of stock. Wait for the next announcement.”  

Although Flipkart or Xiaomi did not reveal the actual figures, the various news agencies surmised that they had sold 5,000 units in 30 minutes. Flipkart did send me an e-mail stating that I could again try next Tuesday at 2 PM without any pre-registration. Next Tuesday, the product got sold out in 5 minutes. The news was that this time 10,000 units were sold in 5 minutes. I tried again next Tuesday. The product got sold out in less than a minute.  Xioami had managed to sell 15,000 units in less than a minute. And in the following week, they sold 20,000 units in 5 seconds.  And since I didn’t have a super-computer at my disposable to match those lightning speeds, I gave up on Xiaomi and settled for Alcatel Onetouch, which had similar specifications but priced at Rs 16,999/-.

What Xiaomi has done in India is very remarkable because they managed to get great word-of-mouth publicity without spending a penny on advertising or sales promotions. They literally converted the dynamics from push-marketing to pull-marketing. While other mobile phone companies are busy trying to lure customers with freebies, discounts and big ads featuring bollywood and cricket stars, Xiaomi is quietly doing their job of capturing the markets and building their brand image with a strategy that we call as “Power Pricing”.

Xiaomi is not the pioneer of using the concept of power pricing for brand building in India. Long time back, a company called Akai had given the established consumer durables companies a run for their money by offering high end color televisions at rock bottom prices. Although that blitzkrieg didn’t last long and Akai was eventually acquired by Videocon, it actually demonstrated that you can create a buzz in the markets by getting the pricing right.

In economics, we talk about two zones called the producer’s delight and customer’s delight. Producer’s delight comes when the product can be sold at premium pricing by convincing the customer that although they are paying very high, they are getting value-for-money. Apple follows a similar strategy where the products are given an esteem value. Consumers Delight is the zone where the products are sold at a value lower than what the consumers are ready to pay. In case of consumer’s delight, the customers become very satisfied, but the company ends up with substantial losses or missed opportunity of enhancing profits. In between is the sweet zone where the company ends up with profits and the customers end up with satisfaction.   Xiaomi seems to have successfully discovered the sweet zone and is going great guns by implementing the power pricing strategy to build their brand.

Meanwhile, Xiaomi is still creating tremors in the mobile phone market while I nurse my broken heart of not being able to possess one of their much-talked-about products.  Yesterday (30th September, 2014), they sold 60,000 units of their second mobile phone brand called Redmi 1s through Flipkart in 13.9 seconds . This is one case study which no Professor of Marketing can easily forget to cite in their classrooms. And maybe, next time, I should take help from Carl Lewis or Usain Bolt when I try to buy a Xiaomi product !!!

Wednesday, 17 September 2014

How Apple Watch will redefine our timekeeping and lifestyle



In the year 1987, a Hindi movie called Mr India, starring Anil Kapoor, captured the public imagination with it’s innovative storyline. In the movie, Anil Kapoor is bequeathed a gold watch that helps him to disappear. The villain Mogambo desperately wants that wonder watch and finally the good prevail over the evil. The film went on to become the second highest grosser of the year and till today is considered among one of the cult classic movies of Bollywood.

The humble watch that we use to keep track of time has gone through several transformations.  Initially it was the hourglass that used to indicate the correct time. Later, that evolved into the sundial, water clocks and pendulum clocks. The wristwatches were initially mechanical devices driven by clockwork and springs. The mechanical devices were later replaced by vibrating quartz crystals that gave more accuracy in measuring time. The next stage of evolution was the digital watches which ran on electronics technology.

Wristwatches started becoming popular after the Second World War. It was also a popular item given as gift in marriages. The wristwatch was also used as a credit card --- if you were short of cash, you could keep your wristwatch as a security till you arranged the cash. However, with mass production and the prices of watches coming down drastically, the popularity and esteem value of watches also started coming down.

While the Japanese watchmakers like Seiko and Casio popularized the digital watch, the Swiss watchmakers breathed a new life into the watch industry by making it a fashion accessory. Rolex, Rado, Omega and Swatch came up with breath-taking designs that added the gleam to your personality when you adorned their watches. These models were also a precious possession bought by people who travelled abroad and gave gifts to their acquaintances.

The launch of the Apple Watch has brought in a whiff of fresh air into the watch industry and is also all set to pose a serious threat to the traditional watch makers. As per information given by CNET, “The Apple Watch is a music player like an iPod, a fitness tracker with heart-rate measurements, a communications device that will send and receive messages, calls and audio recordings, and a handheld portal to other apps, too. It also makes payments via Apple Pay.  It can also control your Apple TV and act as a remote for connected smart home devices.” This electronic device will monitor heart beats, track calories burnt and take dictations. The most remarkable feature of this watch is a “haptic” processor that will send subtle vibration feedback for notifications, alarms and other messages.

How will Apple Watch change the contours of the watch industry? Just the day after Apple Watch was unveiled, we got a shocking news --- HMT was closing down after 53 years of operation. The company whose punchline was “timekeepers of the nation” could not face the onslaught of the new age watchmakers who promised more beauty, elegance and style in addition to accurate time. And how are other watchmakers gearing up to face the competition from Apple? The luxury watch makers had previously successful fended the challenge from quartz and digital watch makers, but this time they are up against a much formidable competitor. The high end watchmakers will continue to have patrons who will vouchsafe for their quality, design and craftsmanship. But, as the adage goes, once Apple enters a particular category, it leaves very little room for competitors to maneuver. 

How will it change our lifestyle ? Well, we might just stop using mobile phones and switch over to the Apple Watch. So no more botherations of having to pull that brick out of your pocket to make calls. It might make us very very health conscious and calorie conscious. And as the haptic engine of the Apple Watch promises to convey feelings through taps and vibrations, we might just stop hugging and kissing our loved ones and send subtle tap signals instead !!! Shall we see James Bond ditching the Omega Seamaster Aqua Terra wristwatch and switching over to Apple ? Whatever it is, the Apple Watch promises to be an exciting device that might radically transform the way we communicate and live.